Relapse is one of the biggest challenges in addiction recovery, but it doesn’t mean failure. It’s a common part of the process, and understanding the science behind relapse can help individuals stay on track. By identifying triggers and creating a solid relapse prevention plan, people in recovery can maintain long-term sobriety.
At Summit Helps in New Jersey, our Partial Hospitalization (PHP) and Intensive Outpatient (IOP) programs provide the tools needed to navigate triggers and prevent relapse. Here’s how relapse happens—and what you can do to stop it.
The Science Behind Relapse: Why It Happens
Relapse isn’t just a momentary lapse in judgment—it’s a complex process that involves both psychological and physiological factors.
1. Brain Chemistry and Addiction
Substance use rewires the brain, affecting areas responsible for:
- Decision-making and impulse control (prefrontal cortex).
- Emotional regulation (amygdala).
- Pleasure and reward (dopamine system).
Even after stopping substance use, the brain remembers the effects of the drug, which can lead to cravings and impulsive behaviors.
2. The Three Stages of Relapse
Relapse doesn’t happen instantly—it unfolds in stages:
✔ Emotional Relapse – Stress, anxiety, or isolation start creeping in. Individuals may not intend to relapse, but they begin neglecting self-care and recovery routines.
✔ Mental Relapse – Cravings and thoughts of using begin. There may be romanticizing past use, bargaining (“just one time won’t hurt”), or seeking opportunities to use.
✔ Physical Relapse – The individual gives in to temptation and returns to substance use.
Recognizing early warning signs can help prevent a full relapse.
Common Triggers That Lead to Relapse
Triggers are people, places, emotions, or situations that create cravings and increase the risk of relapse. Some of the most common include:
✔ Stress and Anxiety – Work, family conflicts, or financial struggles can push someone toward unhealthy coping mechanisms.
✔ Negative Emotions – Feelings of loneliness, anger, or depression can trigger a desire to numb pain with substances.
✔ Social Pressure – Being around people who drink or use drugs can lead to temptation.
✔ Overconfidence – Thinking “I’ve got this under control” can lead to risky situations.
✔ Complacency – Skipping meetings, therapy, or self-care routines can weaken recovery foundations.
Developing a Strong Relapse Prevention Plan
A relapse prevention plan helps individuals prepare for challenges and stay committed to sobriety. Here’s how to create one:
1. Identify Personal Triggers
Each person’s triggers are different. Keep a journal of situations, emotions, or environments that increase cravings.
2. Build Healthy Coping Strategies
Instead of turning to substances, develop alternative ways to manage stress, such as:
✔ Exercise to release endorphins and reduce anxiety.
✔ Mindfulness and meditation to manage cravings and stay present.
✔ Talking to a therapist or support group for accountability.
3. Create an Emergency Plan
Know what to do if cravings hit:
✔ Call a sponsor, therapist, or trusted friend.
✔ Remove yourself from triggering environments.
✔ Remind yourself of why you chose recovery.
4. Stay Connected to a Support System
Recovery isn’t meant to be done alone. Regularly attending therapy, 12-step meetings, or outpatient programs can provide ongoing support.
Find Support at Summit Helps
Relapse doesn’t have to be part of your story. By understanding the science of relapse, identifying triggers, and creating a prevention plan, you can maintain long-term sobriety.
At Summit Helps in New Jersey, our PHP and IOP programs provide relapse prevention strategies, therapy, and peer support to help individuals stay on track. If you or a loved one needs help, reach out today—lasting recovery is possible.
